RESEARCH ARTICLE
Preoperative Bone Mineral Density and Bone Turnover in Women Before Primary Knee Arthroplasty
Yoshinori Ishii1, *, Hideo Noguchi1, Junko Sato1, Satoshi Takayama1, Shin-ichi Toyabe2
Article Information
Identifiers and Pagination:
Year: 2016Volume: 10
First Page: 382
Last Page: 388
Publisher ID: TOORTHJ-10-382
DOI: 10.2174/1874325001610010382
Article History:
Received Date: 24/3/2016Revision Received Date: 26/4/2016
Acceptance Date: 28/4/2016
Electronic publication date: 05/08/2016
Collection year: 2016
open-access license: This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial 4.0 International Public License (CC BY-NC 4.0) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode), which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.
Abstract
Purpose:
The preoperative prevalence of osteoporosis and/or osteopenia and overall bone quality in prospective total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients may affect the postoperative outcome after prosthetic insertion into the bone. The purpose of this study is to determine the baseline bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turnover in preoperative, female, primary TKA patients.
Methods:
We prospectively measured the lumbar spine and hip BMDs using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans in a cohort of 119 knees (107 patients) one day before surgery. We also assessed bone turnover using urinary levels of N-telopeptide (NTX), a type I collagen crosslinker, normalized to creatinine.
Results:
The prevalence of osteoporosis by DEXA scan (T-score ≤ −2.5) among the TKAs was 12% in the spine and 10% in the hip. Eighty-three knees (70%) had osteopenia or osteoporosis of either the spine or hip. The mean T-score of the spine was −0.7 (SD 1.6), which is within normal limits, and of the hip was −1.2 (SD 1.0), which is defined as osteopenia. The mean Z-scores of 0.9 (SD 1.4) in the spine and 0.6 (SD 0.9) in the hip were positive. The median urinary NTX/creatinine ratio was elevated at 58.1 (interquartile range: 13.7 to 188.4).
Conclusion:
Based on Z-scores, the TKA patients had higher spine and hip BMDs than the age-matched general population. Elevated NTX levels may suggest a systemic or local abnormal bone turnover. Further study is needed to determine whether such turnover, as a type of patient-related medical systemic disorder, affects postoperative clinical outcomes.
