RESEARCH ARTICLE
The Effect of Low Molecular Weight Heparins on Fracture Healing
Stylianos Kapetanakis*, 1, Evangelos Nastoulis 1, Theano Demesticha 2, Thespis Demetriou 1
Article Information
Identifiers and Pagination:
Year: 2015Volume: 9
First Page: 226
Last Page: 236
Publisher ID: TOORTHJ-9-226
DOI: 10.2174/1874325001509010226
Article History:
Received Date: 3/2/2015Revision Received Date: 27/3/2015
Acceptance Date: 20/4/2015
Electronic publication date: 26/6/2015
Collection year: 2015

open-access license: This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.
Abstract
Venous Thromboembolism is a serious complication in the trauma patient. The most commonly studied and used anticoagulant treatment in prophylaxis of thrombosis is heparin. The prolonged use of unfractionated heparin has been connected with increased incidence of osteoporotic fractures. Low molecular-weight-heparins (LMWHs) have been the golden rule in antithrombotic therapy during the previous two decades as a way to overcome the major drawbacks of unfractioned heparin. However there are few studies reporting the effects of LMWHs on bone repair after fractures. This review presents the studies about the effects of LMWHs on bone biology (bone cells and bone metabolism) and underlying the mechanisms by which LMWHs may impair fracture healing process. The authors’ research based on literature concluded that there are no facts and statistics for the role of LMWHs on fracture healing process in humans and the main body of evidence of their role comes from in vitro and animal studies. Further large clinical studies designed to compare different types of LMWHs, in different dosages and in different patient or animal models are needed for exploring the effects of LMWHs on fracture healing process.